Charcoal-kiln



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A-MILES, OF COPAKE IRON WORKS, NEW YORK.

CHARCOAL-KIL N.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,297, dated March 9, 1880.

Application filed October 31, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, W. A. MILES, of Copake Iron Works, county of Columbia, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in. Charcoal-Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This inventionis a kiln of special construction, as will be fully described hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan "iew of my improved kiln; Fig. 2, a side elevation, partially in section; and Fig. 3 a sec tional elevation of a modified form of the central tube.

To enable others skilled in the art to make A represents the base portion of the kiln, constructed generally of any suitable size and shape and proper material.

(t represents the kiln proper, resting upon the baseportion, which is constructed generally of any proper shape, but preferably of the form shown in the drawings.

a, Fig. 2, represents a pit or fire-chamber formed in the base portion, and a an ash-chamber below it, communicating with the passageway a having the exterior door, a*, as shown.

a represents an arched chamber constructed over the pit a, which is provided with a suitable number of side openings, at, by means of which communication is made with the interior of the kiln.

00 represents a central tube extending from the top of the arched chamber a to the supply-opening a at the top of the kiln, which latter is provided with the air-tight door a", as shown.

a 0. represent openings located near the upper end of the tube, by means of which, also, communication is made with the interior of the kiln. If desired, also, a series of lower openings, decreasing in area as they approach the arched chamber, may be made in the tube, as shown in Fig. 3.

B represents an annular pipe surrounding the kiln near it base, which is provided with a series of branches, b, leading into the interior of the kiln,.and a main, 1), by means of which the products of distillation are conveyed away to the condenser b 0 represents a return-pipe leading fromthe condenser, or a reservoir or pressure-fan, b

connected therewith, back to the fire-chamber a a, which is provided at any proper point in its length with a meter, 0, Fig. 1, for controlling and determining the amount of gas delivered to the kiln.

D represents an air-pipe, communicating at one end with any suitable blowing apparatus the wood to be carbonized is introduced, or,

if desired, that to make the initial fire.

The operation is as follows: The kiln having been filled, as usual, with wood through the side door, E, the fire'is lighted in the pit c, and fresh supplies of fuel are introduced, as may be necessary, through the door a? at the top of the kiln.

Air is supplied to the initial fi-re through the passage-way a but when su fiicient heat has been obtained to evolve the gases from the wood under carbonization this passage is tightly closed. Air in proper quantities may then be supplied through the pipe D.

The volatile products of distillation are conveyed'away through the main to the condenser, where such portions as are condensable are thrown down and drawn 01f in any proper manner, the remaining portions being discharged into a gasometer or pressure-fan for delivery again to the kiln through the pipe 0.

By means of the meters the flow of the gas and air currents may be accurately known and controlled for the purpose of obtaining the best results from their use.

Itis designed, in'the employment of this kiln, to use inferior wood, unfit for making charcoal, as fuel for supplying the necessary beat,

this being supplied at proper intervals at the upper opening in the kiln to support combustion, while that under carbonization remains undisturbed and unburned.

Bythis improved method the uncondensable volatile products of distillation, which are composed largely of combustible gases, are returned forated chamber, a and tube a", in combination with the main B, condenser [2 and gassupply pipe and the air-pipe D, as described. This specification signed and witnessed this 20th day of October, 1877.

WILLIAM A. MILES.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM WRIGHT, WILLIAM D. CAMP. 

